Summary on the Historical Hnefatafl.

Saami Tablut 9x9.

Saami Tablut 9x9

We recognised the Saami Tablut rules by November 2011:
Summary on the Saami Tablut.
The Saami Tablut setup and rules are given directly by the Carl von Linné diary 1732.

Welsh Tawlbwrdd 1x11.

Welsh Tawlbwrdd 11x11

The Welsh Tawlbwrdd is described in the Robert ap Ifan manuscript 1587.
We found a best bid on the rules based on the Saami Tablut (December 2012):
Summary on the Welsh Tawlbwrdd.

Irish Brandubh 7x7.

Irish Brandubh 7x7

After shortly testing various possibilities, the Saami rules were found to work best also for Brandubh (March 2015):
Summary on the Irish Brandubh.


All three variants appear to be the same sole game, the historical Iron Age Hnefatafl, only played on various board sizes.

17.5.2016. Theory of Historical Hnefatafl:
The tafl games "Brandubh" (Ireland), "Ard Ri" (Scotland), "Tablut" (Sápmi), "Tawlbwrdd" (Wales. Tavlbord is a Scandinavian word and means gameboard) and "Hnefatafl" (Iceland) are all one and the same game: the Iron- and Viking Age Scandinavian board game Hnefatafl.
Aage Nielsen, Denmark.

Measured game balances:
Tablut: 117 attackers' wins per 100 defenders' wins.
Tawlbwrdd: 115 attackers' wins per 100 defenders' wins.
Brandubh2: 136 defenders' wins per 100 attackers' wins.

See the Historical Hnefatafl rules here.

More about the Historical Hnefatafl in our forum.
Updated 22.11.2022
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